Publications

Key points Canada’s publicly funded, single-payer health system (Medicare) guarantees citizens and permanent residents universal coverage...

Key points The United States does not have a single health system; rather, residents obtain health insurance from several different public and private...

Key points The Swiss health system is decentralized, with responsibilities divided across federal, cantonal and municipal levels of government. ...

Key points North Macedonia’s health system provides a relatively comprehensive basic benefits package, with more than 90% of the population...

Key points Near-universal population coverage is ensured under the Law on Compulsory Health Insurance, with residency the primary requirement for...

Key points Israel has a National Health Insurance (NHI) system that covers all residents regardless of payment of contributions. Four competing...

Key points Bosnia and Herzegovina is made up of two entities – the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (itself divided into 10 cantons) and...

Key points The Ministry of Healthcare governs Kazakhstan’s health system and is responsible for policy, legislation and regulation. The Oblast...

Key points Universal health coverage is central to the National Health Service (NHS). It is primarily funded through general taxation and is based...

Key points The Ministry of Health holds the responsibility for overall policy and decision-making for the health system, manages public health centres,...

Key points Tajikistan’s health system provides a publicly financed basic benefits package of services, but a significant number of people...

Key points Georgia has been expanding the package of publicly funded benefits and increasing public spending on health since 2013 in an effort to...

Key points Armenia is working towards universal health coverage by expanding the basic benefits package (BBP) and by increasing public spending...

Key points Ukraine’s health system has a single national purchasing agency, the National Health Service of Ukraine (NHSU), which contracts...

Key points Uzbekistan’s health system provides a basic set of publicly financed health services but it does not yet cover all essential services...

Key points Belarus’ health system is centralized, with the Ministry of Health setting priorities and policies that are implemented at the...

Key points Kyrgyzstan’s health system provides a state-guaranteed package of services but the scope of publicly funded care is limited, with...

Key points The health system was recentralized in 2019 and the Ministry of Health is largely responsible for organization and governance. The...